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  issue 4, year XV, 2008

DIPLOMACY BASED ON ECONOMICAL RESOURCES AND INNER POTENTIALITIES
Marat Tajin, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan specially for "Europe 2001" magazine
Page 3

THE GROWTH OF THE PROSPERITY OF THE CITIZENS OF KAZAKHSTAN IS THE MAIN AIM OF THE STATE POLICY
Address of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N. A. Nazarbaev to the nation
Page 6

REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN - A STATISTIC PORTRAIT
Page 10

WE ARE INTERESTED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COLLABORATION WITH BULGARIA
H. E. Serjan Abdykarimov, Charge d’affaires of the Kazakhstan Embassy in Sofia before "Europe 2001" magazine
Page 11

The National Petroleum Company "KazMunayGas":
THE SUCCESS OF THE COMPANY FORMS THE IMAGE OF THE COUNTRY
Page 13

For the comparatively short period of its activity - since its establishment in 2002, the National Company "KazMunayGas" has achieved considerable results. In 2002 the company produced 10,6 million tons of oil and gas. Five years later, in 2007, the production amounted to 16,7 million tons. For the last year the amount of the production has increased considerably because of the expansion of the company on the home market. "KazMunayGas" produces half of the petroleum in Kazakhstan. Preservation of the environment and rational use of the natural resources are among the priorities of the company.
BULGARIA - KAZAKHSTAN: DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS AND CONTRIBUTION
Maya Dobreva, director of "Europe III" Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Page 16

Bulgaria acknowledged the state independence of Kazakhstan, its sovereignty and territorial integrity on 23 December 1991. By this decision our country was among the first countries, which accepted Kazakhstan in its new independent role in the international relations. Bulgaria established a diplomatic mission in Almaty (the former capital of Kazakhstan) in 2004, Kazakhstan established a diplomatic mission in Sofia in 2006. Now the Bulga-rian Embassy in Almaty is conducted by an ambassador, while the Embassy of Kazakhstan in Sofia is conducted by a charge d’affaires
THE ECONOMICS OF KAZAKHSTAN
Page 17

Since the very beginning of the independence of Kazakhstan the president Nursultan Nazarbaev has defined the basic principle of the development of the country: "Economics first, then politics". Today’s progress of Kazakhstan impresses due to the balanced interior politics and the politics aiming to attract investments. Kazakhstan has considerable economical advantages in comparison with the rest of the countries in Central Asia. This gives the experts a reason to consider Kazakhstan "the economical engine" of the whole Central Asia.
Kazakhstan pays special attention to the collaboration with foreign investors. A plain example of this approach is the Council of the foreign investors, established in 1998. The Council is a platform where various offers concerning the development of legislation are discussed and large investment projects are considered.

TO COME BACK AGAIN
Stanislav Novakov
Honorary Consul of Kazakhstan in Bulgaria
Page 19

For the last four years the economic and business relationships between the Republic of Bulgaria and the Republic of Kazakhstan have improved considerably. Not a few Kazakh citizens buy their "second home" on the coasts of the Black Sea. This increasing interest aroused the necessity of establishing a new Consular Service of Kazakhstan in the city of Varna. Nowadays thousands of ethnic Bulgarians live in Kazakhstan. From the numerous meetings with them Stansislav Novakov is convinced that they have preserved carefully their Bulgarian descent, their language, culture and way of life.
This is the reason why this summer a group of Kazakh students of Bulgarian origin, who have shown the best results during the school year, will spend ten days in Bulgaria paid for by the State Tourism Agency of Bulgaria.

IN BULGARIA WE FOUND OUR SECOND HOME
Shara Karsakpaeva, Chairman of the community of the Kazakhs in Bulgaria "Aruah"
Page 20

The community of the Kazakhs in Bulgaria "Aruah" was established in 2005. Its main priority was to create a public organization that unites the Kazakhs in Bulgaria. "Aruah" sets itself the task of intensifying the exchange between Bulgaria and Kazakhstan in all scopes of life. This becomes possible by the establishment of economic, political, cultural and information contacts. The majority of the community’s activity is directed to Bulgarian society and its informing about the historical past, the traditions and the contemporary status of Kazakhstan.

OUR SHARED MULTIFACED HOME
Oleg Dymov
Page 21

Kazakhs have always been proud of the rich natural resources of their country, as well as of the multifaced variety of nations, which combines numerous cultures and traditions. Kazakhstan is said to be the "planet of one hundred languages". Today representatives of more than 130 nationalities and 40 religious communities live in the country - Koreans, Azerbaijanians, Byelorussians, Germans, Tartars, Ukrainians, Poles, Turks and many others.

MOUNTAIN LEGENDS
Page 22

The rich natural resources, the historical past and the interesting culture turn Kazakhstan into an attractive tourist centre. You can take a deep breath of the crystal air of the mountains, you can enjoy the countless breath-taking scenery, or you can be lost in the atmosphere of the Kazakh cities - modern and preserving centuries-old traditions at the same time. The mountains surrounding the city of Almaty have turned into a favourite place for the inhabitants of city, as well as for its guests. "Medeo" - the biggest alpine complex for winter sports in the world is situated there. The central part of Tien-Shan Mountain has turned into an alpinism centre. In this part the Charyn canyon is situated - one of the most exotic places to spend one’s holiday. The unique shapes formed by the wind and rain will carry you away into a fairytale world of bizarre sandstone sculptures - The Castles’ Valley, The Witches’ Valley, etc.
In the south-west of Kazakhstan, on the coast of the Caspian Sea, the city of Actau attracts tourists in the summer.

TRADITIONS
Page 28

Kazakhs have many various traditions - "nauryz" (the spring feast), "berkuchi" (hunting with imperial eagle), as well as many traditional games. Up to now more than fifty kinds of Kazakh musical instruments are known and each of them has a typical sound and traditional manner of playing. Wood, reed, rush, leather, bones, horns and horse hairs are used to make musical instruments. Another ancient Kazakh craft is carpet-weaving. Until today Kazakhs keep decorating the walls at their homes with hand-made traditional carpets. The most typical feature of the Kazakh folk-songs is the singing contest called "aitys". It takes place during national feasts and fairs.
ASTANA: THE YOUNG CAPITAL
Page 31

In 1997 the capital of Kazakhstan was moved from Almaty to Akmola, and a year later it was renamed Astana. Today, ten years later, this step is acknowledged as the most successful project for moving a capital, accomplished in contemporary conditions. Astana astonishes with its modern design, multifunctional conditions and dynamics.
Astana is situated in the Karaotkel land, across which the Silk Road used to pass. The moving of the capital was provoked by the necessity of a new economical centre in the inner parts of the country. According to the intention of the president of the country Astana has to combine the beauty of Europe and the finesse of the East. One of the sights of the city is the Bayterek monument, which has turned into the symbol of the capital. Its construction symbolizes the union of the three bases of the world - the underground, the ground and the heavenly one.

THE CITIES OF KAZAKHSTAN
Page 36

Atyrau city is situated in the Caspian Lowlands, at the mouth of the Ural River, where it flows into the Caspian Sea. The Atyrau land is raw, but it is rich with fish and petroleum. That is why the sturgeon fish and a petroleum tower are depicted on the city emblem.
Aktobe is situated on the left bank of the Ilek River. Aktobe is the informal capital of rock and punk music in Kazakhstan. Annually the Suhovey Festival of independent music takes place in this city.
Ust-Kamenogorsk is one of the biggest cities in East Kazakhstan. In the past many gold diggers lived there. Nowadays the city is still a centre of gold extraction. In 2008 the city celebrates its 288th anniversary.
Turkestan is the city where the mausoleum of the sufist Ahmed Yasaui is situated. It is 46,5 m wide and 65,5 m long. 35 rooms with various functions surround the central hall of the mausoleum. The doors of the tomb are carved and encrusted with bone.
Almaty is the former capital of Kazakhstan. It is known as the city garden. In the spring, when the south outskirts are in blossom, the city looks as if it is part of a fairytale. The famous alpine skating-rink "Medeo" and the ski resort Shymbulak are situated nearby.

THE OPERA "KHAN ABYLAI": NEGATION OF THE NEGATION
Aklima Omarova
Page 40

Sending composers on missions in various regions of the country was a common practice in the 30s and 40s of the 20th century. That was the reason why E. Brusilovsky, trained in the Leningrad’s philharmonic orchestra, arrived in Kazakhstan and studied the objective laws of the oral Kazakh traditions (epic, song and instrumental). Later over thirty composers graduated the composition class of E. Brusilovsky and became famous in Kazakhstan and all over the world.
Opera is a main genre in the contemporary Kazakh art. "Khan Abylai" (2004), composed by E. Rahmadiev, is an opera, which sets a new beginning in the most recent history of this genre. It reflects the national history and reproduces the heroic past of Kazakhstan.

ORIGINAL AND ENIGMATIC WORLD
Raihan Ergalieva
Page 42

The original and enigmatic world of Erbolat Tolepbay is a meeting between the European culture and the mystic Asian soul; it is an amazing example of the union of the European psychoanalysis and the powerful cosmism in the conception of the world of this heir of the nomads. Salvador Dali’s adherence to psychoanalysis has turned into a standard for Tolepbay how human soul must be looked at. Despite the interest in the unconscious that unites both artists, each of them is still a representative of his own cultural area.

Page 43

ABYLHAN KASTEEV
AUBAKIR ISMAILOV
SABUR ABDRASULOVICH MAMBEEV
GULFAYRUS MANSUROVNA ISMAILOVA
AYSHA GARIFOVNA GALIMBAEVA

THE IMAGES OF EURASIA
Aliya Uvaljanova
Page 46

The Kazakh Film Company Kazakhfilm "S. Aymanov" has over a 70-year-old history. It is named after Shaken Aymanov, the first Kazakh cinema producer. During World War II Kazakhfilm produced approximately 80 per cent of all the films in the USSR. Since its establishing it has been transformed many times, but it has managed to survive up to now. Nowadays Kazakhfilm produces 5-6 feature films, 3-4 documentary films and 2-3 cartoons a year. The recently released documentary series "The images of Eurasia" tells the stories of five famous Kazakhs, who devoted themselves to literature and science.

DASTARHAN - THE ART OF HOSPITALITY
Page 50

The ritual "dastarhan" is typical only for the Kazakhs and it determines how guests are received and attended to. Every Kazakh meal begins with tea. The host receives the guests and makes them feel comfortable. But only girls and women serve the tea. Butter, jam, cream, dried and fresh fruit, nuts, biscuits and sweets are served with the tea. The tea is a kind of introduction to the "toi dastarhan" - the big feast. At first some entrees are served. They are mainly meat - horse and mutton. Then the guests are served "kuardak" - stewed inwards of mutton. After a short pause cheese patties are next. Finally the main meal is served - "besbarmak" (meat, cooked in typical Kazakh manner). The "toi dastarhan" ends up with a great variety of sweeties.

THE BULGARIAN TRACE IN KAZAKHSTAN
Stefka Mechkarova
Page 53

Since two years ago teams from Sofia Mathematics Secondary School have taken part in the International Mathematics and Physics Olympiad in Almaty. Only school teams participate in the Olympiad.
In this year’s Olympiad, which took place on 14 to 16 January 2008, participated 40 teams from 17 countries. There were participants from Romania, Indonesia, Nigeria, Mongolia, Turkey, Bulgaria etc. Schools in Almaty now prepare for a new challenge - a World Mathematics Olympiad will be conducted there.

FAMOUS PEOPLE FROM KAZAKHSTAN
Page 54

JANIA AUBAKIROVA
NURJAMAL USENBAEVA
MAYRA MUHAMEDKAZA
MARAT BISENGALIEV
AYMAN MUSAHODJAEVA
BATYRHAN SHUKENOV
ROZA RYMBAEVA
ILIYAS ESENBERLIN
MUHTAR AUEZOV

PHOTOATELIER PRESENTS
VELICHKA TODOROVA - a photographer
Page 58

LITART OLJAS SULEYMENOV: THE CYRILLIC ALPHABET IS TURKIC-SLAVIC HERITAGE
Interview by Kulpash Konyrova
Page 61

THE POETRY OF JYRAU: A RINGING STREAM OF REFLECTIONS
Page 62

Jyrau are Kazakh middle-age improvisers and song-writers, who present reflections and advice to the public. They were usually respected judges and counselors of the khans. What is specific in their art is that it is a kind of oral literature and reflects a broad spectrum of political ideas. Typical for this kind of art is the use of proverbs, sayings and aphorisms.

DOSPAMBET SHALKIZ
Page 63

ATELIER PRESENTS DONCHO DONCHEV: POEMS IN PAINTINGS
Page 66

THE JEWELLERY OF ANNA GYUDYULEVA
Dochka Kisiova-Gogova
Page 68
Translated by
Maria Angelova
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